A food allergy in dogs and cats is an immune reaction of the body to certain food components that leads to clinical signs. It is a type of hypersensitivity in which the immune system reacts to proteins or other components present in food, treating them as harmful substances. The mechanism of food allergy in animals is complex and involves immune processes such as type I (immediate) and/or type IV (delayed) reactions that lead to allergic symptoms. Food ingredients can be a source of allergy in both dogs and cats, including poultry, dairy, cereals, as well as ingredients present in prepared foods such as colours, preservatives or flavours. In the case of food allergy, it is necessary to eliminate allergens from the pet's diet and use appropriate feeding strategies to prevent the onset of allergic symptoms.
Symptoms of food allergy in animals
Symptoms of food allergy in pets can be varied and cover a wide range of body reactions to ingested foods. One of the most common symptoms is the occurrence of urticaria, or skin swellings, which can take the form of papules, spots or redness in various areas of the body. In addition, skin changes such as flaking of the skin or loss of hair may also indicate an allergic reaction to food. The presence of swelling, especially around the muzzle, eyes or ears, is also a common symptom. An itchy rash can also be the result of a food allergy in animals. It is important to consciously observe these symptoms and consult your vet for diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
What are the treatment methods for food allergies in animals?
Treatment methods for food allergies in animals include a variety of approaches, such as elimination of the allergen through an elimination diet, hypoallergenic foods, immune therapy, and pharmacological treatment, which may include the use of medication depending on the intensity of the allergy symptoms. In some cases, dietary support and supplementation may also be necessary to strengthen the animal's immune system. Each case requires an individual approach taking into account the specific needs and reactions of the animal's body.
